Umurci na Aikin Ballchain: Wanene ya kirkiro shinge

Lokacin da babu masu shiga tsakani a cikin ma'amala, kowane mahalarta na iya yaudarar sauran. A cikin toshe, an warware matsalar ta amfani da tsauraran lissafin lissafi wanda aka kirkira.

A cikin kayan zamu gaya maka wa wanda ke kirkira da kuma bincika tubalan a cikin toshewar. Za ku koyi yadda al'adun yarjejeniya tabbatar da amincin wannan tsari.

1. P2P: Inda ake amfani da cibiyoyin sadarwa
2. Boye a cikin Ballchain: akan yatsunsu
3. Blockchalter - sarkar ma'amala. Mun watsa ma'anar bisa ga
4. Boye a cikin Ballchain: Me yasa kuke buƙatar sa hannu na dijital
5. Umurci na Aikin Ballchain: Wanene ya kirkiro shinge
6. Don wane dalilai da ayyuka suka yi daidai da BlockCha

Ka tuna asali na asali

• Cetoity cibiyar sadarwa cibiyar sadarwa ce wacce nodes ke hulɗa da juna ba tare da tsaka-tsaki ba.
• BlockChain wani nau'in cibiyoyin sadarwa ne na peer-peer, sarkar transsial.
• Block - tsarin musamman don ma'amaloli na rikodin.
• Ma'amala - shigarwa akan canje-canje a cikin yanayin kadarorin.

Rashin amana a cikin toshe

Tunda babu uwar garken a cikin Ballchain, ƙara da kuma tabbatar da bayani ga masu amfani da kansu. A lokaci guda, kowane mahalarta na iya biyan bukatun kansu ga lalacewar tsaro na toshewar. Daga nan akwai matsalar rashin yarda da mahalarta ga junan su. Don magance shi, ana amfani da algorithms na lissafi, wanda za'a tattauna.

Ka yi tunanin cewa akwai kadarori a cikin walat ɗinka, kuma mai amfani wani mai amfani ya yi imanin cewa ba su bane. Idan ba tare da tsangwama ba, yana da wuya a yanke shawarar wanne ne daga cikin 'yancin biyu. Wajibi ne a zaɓi a tsakanin masu amfani da waɗanda za su bincika ma'amaloli kuma ƙara daidai. Irin wannan masu amfani ake kira masu hakar gwal.

Mainers - mahalarta masu toshe waɗanda suke tsunduma cikin halittar sabbin shinge da masu binciken.

Don tsara yadda ya dace da aikin masu hakar gwal, wajibi ne a yarda, wa zai kasance da kuma yadda za su yi aikinsu. Wannan aiki ne mai wahala, saboda kuna buƙatar zo da irin waɗannan dokokin, wanda zai fi riba don lura da ma'adinai fiye da hutu. Wannan misali ne na gargajiya na aiki daga ka'idar wasan: yadda za a zabi dabarun da zai zama ɗaya m don mahalarta sha'awa.

Irin wannan aikin an tsara shi kuma an warware shi ta masana lissafi a cikin karni na ƙarshe. Yanzu wannan maganin yana samar da tsaro duka a cikin katangar da sauran fasahar hadaddun. Don fahimtar yadda mahara ke hanzarta kada su keta bukatun juna, yi la'akari da wannan aikin.

Aikin Byzantine Janarets

A cikin labarin kimiyya na 1982, an tsara wata matsala ta ma'ana. Yana ba da matsala game da hanyoyin sadarwa na cibiyar sadarwar peer-peer wanda ke tattaunawa ta gaba. A matsayin an yi amfani da analogy, an yi amfani da byzantium - wani yanki mai ɗabi'a tare da rundunar sojojin ta masu zaman kansu. Saboda haka sunan - aikin Belzantine Janars.

Aikin ya faru yayin kewaye da birnin sojojin Byzantine. Da dare, leging daga wasu bangarorin da ke kewaye da garin. Janar na kowane Legion suna jiran umarnin kwamandan. Umurnin oda: "Kai hari" ko "ritaya".

Janar na jiran umarnin kwamandan don magance "kai harin" ko "koma baya"

Na farko hadaddun aiki - daular yana raguwa. Duk wani daga cikin janar-janar kuma har ma shugaban kwamandan na iya zama masu goyon baya na Byzatium da sha'awar shan kashi. Janar masha suna buƙatar ɗauka cewa ba su ƙyale sakamako mara lalacewa ba. A cikin duka, sakamakon kashi uku na yaƙi:

Sakamako mai kyau. Idan dukkanin harin gabaɗaya - byzantium lalata abokan gaba.

A jerin hanyoyin shiga. Idan duk janar-janar zasu koma baya - Bedzantia za ta riƙe sojojinsu.

Sakamako mara lalacewa. Idan wasu janar suke kai hari, kuma wasu za su koma baya - abokan gaba suna lalata dukkan sojojin na Byzatium a sassa.

Idan kowane janar zai yi daidai, to yiwuwar wani sakamako ne mai kyau. Saboda haka, janar suna buƙatar musanya bayani a tsakaninsu su zo da mafita guda.

Cikakkun abubuwa na biyu a cikin aikin shine rashin ingantaccen tashar sadarwa tsakanin Janar. Ko da babu masu harkar a tsakanin janar, bayanin na iya zama ƙarya. Misali, Courier zai jinkirta ko kama. Wannan halin zai rikitar sauran janar-janar kuma ba daidai ba ne. A cikin irin waɗannan yanayi, kuna buƙatar haɓaka dabarun ayyukan da za su iya amfani da su duka janar.

Ofaya daga cikin Janar ba ta aika saƙon da ya dace ba, don haka wasu ba su san yadda ake kai musu hari ko komawa ba

Matthaticsics din sun tabbatar da cewa koyaushe zai yiwu a sami mafita a wannan aikin, idan galibin janar sun fi kashi biyu bisa uku na duka. A cikin tsari daban-daban, ana iya magance aikin ta hanyoyi daban-daban.

Byzantine bata yarda ba - iyawar cibiyar sadarwa don ci gaba da aiki, koda kuwa wasu nodes sun ki ko aikata mugunta. A takaice dai, wannan mallakar cibiyar sadarwa wanda aka warware aikin Janar Betzantine.

Byzantine Bala'i ya zama dole a cikin tsarin injunan jirgin sama, a tsire-tsire masu iko da yawa, ayyukan da suka dogara da sakamakon aikin mai mahimmanci. Hatta sararin samaniya ya ɗauki ta zama mai yiwuwa ga abin da yake da shi.

Idan wannan aikin shine amfani da mahallin toshewar, toan asalin masu hakar gwal. Dole ne su yarda da sanin ma'amalar zuwa ainihin saboda ta fadi cikin shinge. Wannan tsari ana kiransa yarjejeniya.

Maƙiyi suna kallon duk ma'amaloli kuma yanke shawara don tabbatar da su ko ƙi

Misali, ma'adinai sun ga cewa mai amfani yana son aika Bitcoins zuwa wani. Babban majin ya yi imanin cewa dole ne a amince da irin wannan ma'amala. Na biyu wadanda ake zargi da wannan aikin yake samar da wani dan hari. Hannun na uku daga cibiyar sadarwa kuma bai duba ma'amala ba. Aauki wani bayani guda sannan ya zo ga yarda.

Tunda aikin Belzantine Jermans yana da mafita da yawa, to, tubalan da aka ware suna cimma bali na Byzantine ta amfani da algorith yarjejeniya daban-daban. Yi la'akari da ƙarin abubuwan da suka fi dacewa.

Algorithms Yarda

Bayanan wasan kwaikwayon yana aiki bisa tushen hanyar sadarwa. Babu wani cibiyar da ke kula da wannan hanyar sadarwa. Don tsara amincin aikin toshe, dole ne ka yi shawarwari wanda zai zama mai ƙanƙanta da kuma yadda za a kirkiri katange. Mainers suna aiki ne da ƙa'idar da ake kira yarjejeniya ta Algorithm.

Yarjejeniyar Algorithm hanya ce da take bayyana yadda aka zaɓi Mainiyar da ke cikin toshe kuma wanda yake ƙawata halittar abubuwa.

Don samun mafi kyawun fahimtar abin da ake buƙata a cikin tsarin Blockchain, yi tunanin masu samar da ginin gidaje. Bayanan wasan kwaikwayon su ana buƙata don yin hulɗa da juna kuma yanke shawara akan ci gaban gidan: su tattara kuɗi a kan ci gaba, zaɓi kuɗi don overhaul, zaɓi tsari don overhaul, zaɓi tsari ko kuma sanya aiki. Akwai hanyoyi guda uku don sasantawa - algorith na yarjejeniya uku. Kowannensu yana bisa wani samfurin lissafi.

Hujja na aiki (pow) algorithm don shaidar aiki. Mainer na iya zama wani abin sha'awa a gida. Don ƙirƙirar sabon tubalan, dole ne ya yi amfani da kwamfutarka don magance ayyukan masu rikitarwa.

Algorithm zai yi la'akari da daidai sigar Botcchain wanda yawancin katanga. Kuma mafi yawan dukkanin shinge zasu kasance cikin sigar, ga halittar da masu sufurin suka ciyar da yawancin karfin kwamfutar gaba daya. Ana samun hanyar dimokiradiyya mai kyau: Idan 51% na masu hakar ma'adinai sun yi imanin cewa ma'amaloli a cikin tubalan daidai ne kuma zai kasance. Saboda haka, topchain kusan ba zai yiwu a hack ba.

Sabbin shafuka suna haifar da wadancan mazaunan da suke da kwamfuta

Hujja na karni (poot) shine algorithm don ingantacciyar ikon mallakar. Mainers sun zama waɗanda ke da ƙarin dukiya a cikin BottChain. Za mu sami wannan mai hawan tare da manyan gidaje. Kuma a cikin eteric toshe, alal misali, zai zama masu amfani waɗanda suke da mafi yawan lamuran. Tare da wannan algorithm, farashin wutar lantarki suna da yawa, tun halittar shinge a cikin toshewar ba na buƙatar warware matsalar tsinkayen kertchain ba. Mafi yawan rabonka a cikin katangar, mafi yawan lokuta zaka kirkiri sabbin katanga.

The dama version na ballchain, kamar yadda cikin hujja na aiki, za a dauke wanda yawancin bulbura. Amma tabbacin tsayuwa ba zai yiwu a kira shi ba. Yawancin katafar ba za su kirkiro ba mafi yawan mazauna, amma mafi yawan masu haya. Koyaya, yana da mafi aminci. Idan Majnem nasa ne ga mafi yawan gidan, to, zai zama cutarwa ta faru.

Sabbin tubalan suna haifar da mazauna tare da manyan gidaje

Farfesa na iko (POA) wani algorithm ne na hujja na hali. Yana iya zama cewa masu sufurin sun taru suka yanke shawarar cewa za a sami gida guda don ƙirƙirar shinge. Ana rarraba wannan Algorithm a cikin sirri, rufaffiyar tubalan. Misali, ya dace sosai don gudanar da gidan gida daga misalin mu.

Minisan da aka zaba kansa ya zabi ainihin nau'in katangar. Dole ne ya gano kansa kamar yadda dukkan mazauna suka gaskata shi. To, idan da mãsu tunãwa, za su gushe, suna da ikon yin wani. Sabon mainer zai fara gina jerin sarkar, kuma tsohon bageschain zai wanzu daban. Irin wannan tsari a cikin katangar ana kiranta Hardforka.

Sabbin toshe yana haifar da cewa dan haya, wanda aka zaba a gaba

Algorithms na yarjejeniya suna da yawa. A koyaushe ya ƙirƙira sabo, amma waɗannan ukun sune sanannun sanannun, gwajin lokaci kuma ana amfani da su akai-akai.

Ƙarshe

A cikin kowane sadarwar abokan aiki mai zuwa babu shakka tsakanin mahalarta. A cikin toshe, masu hakar gwal suna magance wannan matsalar. Waɗannan masu amfani ne waɗanda ke bincika ma'amaloli kuma ƙara daidai ga sabbin shinge.

Labarin 1982 da yake bayanin aikin Betzantine Janar-. An fara bayyana shi a cikin algorithm na yadda hanyar sadarwa zata ci gaba da aiki, koda kuwa an hana wasu nodes ko cutar cutarwa.

A cikin toshe, nau'ikan algorithms uku ana amfani da su:

• Hujja na aiki (pow) algorithm don shaidar aiki.
• Hujja na karni (poot) shine algorithm don ingantacciyar ikon mallakar.
• Farfesa na iko (POA) wani algorithm ne na hujja na hali.