Gypsies - wasanin gwada tarihi na penter tubors

Anonim

Gypoes sun ce sune mutane mafi arziki. Kamar yadda labarinsu ya gaya wa, sauran kabilu Allah ya keɓe kawai barbashi na ƙasa, kuma gyada ta ba da duniya duka. Kuma tabbas, yana yiwuwa a sadu da wakilan wannan al'umma a kowane lungu na duniyarmu, a cikin kasashe gaba daya.

Wannan shine fasalin Gypshies da ke haifar da tambayoyi daga masu bincike, saboda amincewa da asalin mutanen da ya wajaba don nemo asalinsa. Adana al'adar da kake ban mamaki da haske, mutanen Swspoy har yanzu sun zama asirin - kyakkyawa, amma ba a sani ba. Me zai iya ba da labarin labarin Genpsies? Su wanene kakanninsu? Kuma ta yaya kabilan Gypsy suka yi nasara a duk faɗin duniya?

M

Farawa da sanin tare da kowane mutane ya kamata su bincika sunansa, saboda akwai wasu fannoni na tarihi da samuwar. Zaɓin shahararrun zaɓi don Gypsies da kansa kalmar "Rum" ko "Roma".

Abin da ke ban sha'awa, ya danganta da yankin mai rai, naming na iya canzawa. Misali, "An yi amfani da scrap a Armenia. A cewar masana yellen, wadannan ma'anonin za su hau zuwa kalmar Indo-Turai "D'OM", sautin farko wanda zai iya canza shi akan lokaci.

Gypsies - wasanin gwada tarihi na penter tubors 20746_1
Albert Etofelt "Spanish Gypsy"

Kalmar ta yau da kullun "Roma" tana bayyana a karon farko a cikin "Rayuwar St. George aphonsky", wanda kwanan wata karni na Xi. A can ne zaku iya lura da kalmar "Atcikean", wanda aka yi amfani da shi ga kabilan. Fassara daga Helenanci, ma'anar "ba sakaci". Me yasa aka yi amfani da shi daidai irin wannan ma'anar - ba zai yiwu ba, amma an gyara kalmar da tabbaci ga wannan al'umma.

Idan kun mallaki harsunan waje, musamman Ingilishi, to, lalle ne tuni sun tuna wani suna Roma. Birtaniyya ta kira su "Jeepsi" - da misalin tare da Masarawa. Irin wannan ra'ayi ya nuna tsoffin ra'ayoyin game da Gungun Gungun kamar baƙi daga Misira.

Gypsies - wasanin gwada tarihi na penter tubors 20746_2
Alois shann "Cam Gypsy"

Asalin Gypsy

Tunda Gypsy bashi da rubutu na dogon lokaci, kawai almara wannan wannan mutane suka kai yau game da asalinsu. Amma gaskiyar, Alas, kadan ne, don haka dole ne ku ci abinci mafi yawa da yawa. A cikin "Brockhaus da Efron" Dictionary, Gungun Gypesies suna da Tushen Indiya, wanda yawancin masu bincike ke kafa a cikin karni na XVIII.

Mafi na kowa, saboda haka don magana "hukuma", ana rage ma'anar masana kimiyya zuwa gaskiyar cewa ranar haihuwar Indiya ce ta Gujarat da Rajasthan. Generics kuma tabbatar da wannan sigar, duk da haka, an lura cewa rabuwa da kabilunmu ba ya faru ba daga baya fiye da na 5 na zamaninmu na zamaninmu na.

Gypsies - wasanin gwada tarihi na penter tubors 20746_3
Zuwan farko na Gypsies a waje da Bern a cikin karni na XV

Amma ta yaya kuma me ya sa magabatan Genpcies suka yanke shawarar barin ƙasarsu ta asali? Wadannan tambayoyin, koda masana tarihi ba zai iya ba da amsa daidai ba. An yi imanin cewa an gabatar da karamar rukunin Indiyy ne ga Sarki Persian.

Ba shi yiwuwa a ware cewa a nan gaba Gyptues ya kasu kashi, kuma wani ɓangare ɗaya daga cikinsu ya tafi ƙasar Falasdinawa, DJIP "). Kuma a nan, Ni ma, ni ma, ni ma, ni ma, ni ma, ni ma, ni ma, ni ma, ni ma, ni ma na iya amfani da daidaitaccen bayanan zamani - kwayoyin halitta. Bincike ya nuna cewa sasantawa na Gypepon da farko ne hanya, tunda da farko sun wakilci kaburban da ke cikin hakki a ciki wanda kusan babu impurities na ƙasashen waje.

Gypepies a Yammacin Turai

Kasar kasashen Turai, Roma ta fito ne daga Byzlium. A cikin Masarautar ta Byzantine, sun bi da su ta hanyar musamman, keɓe cikin jama'a, amma wannan ba a yi ta ƙeta haƙƙoƙin ba ko makamancin haka ba.

Rashin daidaituwa na ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin sake tura Roma don neman mafi kyawun rayuwa. Ofaya daga cikin farkon zuwa Turai sun zo Turai sun zo da abubuwa masu amfani, masu bautuwa, waɗanda ke haifar da mummunan halin Turai zuwa wakilan ƙasar gaba ɗaya.

Gypsies - wasanin gwada tarihi na penter tubors 20746_4
Edwin doguwar "jaridu. Gyara na Gypsies daga Spain "

Haljin mahaɗan na Gypesies, bayyanar da ta danganta da rikicin tattalin arzikinsu a kasashen Turai sun juya a dokokin da ba su dace ba. A lokaci guda, an lura da nuna bambancin gypsy.

Marubutan N. Bestonov da N. Dementer a cikin littafinsa "tarihin Roma. Sabuwar kallon "tana haifar da waɗannan bayanan:

"A Mororavia, Gyiyon Jin Gasar Hagu a Bohemia. A cikin Ercgeriitzogenia, an fi son Austriya zuwa iri da sauransu. Wataƙila mafi zalunci ya faru don zama Friedrich Wilhelm I Prussian. A shekara ta 1725, Ya ba da umarni ga mutuwar kowane irin na maza da mata a kan shekara goma sha takwas. "

Kamar yadda kake gani, ya rigaya game da kisan kare dangi na mutane ne. Ko ta yaya, Roma ta yi nasarar tsira da kuma kiyayewa - Ba wai kawai ukunsu ne kawai ba, har ma da al'adun asali na yau da kullun, wanda a yau ya zama da ƙarin masoya.

Gypsies - wasanin gwada tarihi na penter tubors 20746_5
Jan Van de Venn "Gypsy Kamfanin"

A gabashin Turai da Rasha

Amma idan a yammacin Turai, irin wannan mummunan halin da aka lura da kabilun Gypsy kabilu, to, maƙwabta na Turawa sun bambanta gabas. A can, Gypcies sun tabbatar da kansu a matsayin masu fasahohi masu fasaha, baƙi, kwari.

Hatta Ottomans wanda ya kwace Turai, an sami wata manufa mai taushi dangane da Roma. Alas, kuma a nan bai yi tsada ba tare da banda baƙin ciki. A cikin majami'u da volosch na majami'u, inda Kiristanci da sauri yada, tare da raini da dangantaka da Gypssies. An ayyana bayi daga haihuwa.

Gypsies - wasanin gwada tarihi na penter tubors 20746_6
William Bogro "Jeepsi (gypsy) tare da Tambourinte"

Sanarwa na 1852 ya ce:

"Kula da St. Na farko da yawa da yawa da aka sayon ​​siyarwa, a ranar 8 ga Mayu, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 1852, 185, 185, 185 da mata 7 da mata: a cikin kyakkyawan yanayi. "

Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin daular Rasha ga Gypssies ba ta da dangantakar da ba ta dace ba. Russia, babu shakka, sun yaba da ikon Gydindin don kula da dawakai, kyawawan halaye na mahaya. Yawancin wakilan wannan mutane sun yi rajista a shelves na doki. Koyaya, a cikin bayanan Masana Tarihin Rasha S.m.solovyov, an bayyana shi sosai: "Gypsy .... Sun ƙidaya mutanen da ke da haɗari saboda rashin sani ga rashin sani ga marasa hankali da kuma spawns na su ".

Gypsies - wasanin gwada tarihi na penter tubors 20746_7
Mutanen Tsagaganian Maza, 1890

Tabbas, Gyvicies suna da hakkin da za a yi fushi saboda irin wannan tsinkayen mutanensu. Abin takaici, daidai yake da batun "cokali na da aka buge da ganga na ganimar Möday." Duk da cewa daga cikin Gungun Gypsies a yau sun yi nisa da yawancin mutane masu gaskiya, kar ku manta cewa yawancin wakilan nan da ke ba da gaskiya ga aikinsu da gaske.

Kara karantawa