Abin da suke faɗi game da wannan falsafam ne, lauyoyi da dokokin kasashe daban-daban a cikin 5, 50 da 500 kalmomi.
Bayan 9 ga Janairu, magoya bayan Trump, Trump kungiyar ta karba a zaben shugaban kasa, tattaunawa game da "hakkin mutane zuwa tawaye" sake bunkasa. Yanayinta ya sauko don warware matsalar, shin ƙungiyoyin fararen hula suna da hakkin yin zalunci da zaluntar da makamai a hannu. Kuma idan wannan ya wanzu, to, yãya yadda ake rarrabe ta daga ta'addanci, kuma wata tawaye ce.
Lokaci na ƙarshe kafin 2021, an tattauna wannan batun a cikin 2014 - dangane da abubuwan da suka faru na Yukren. Koyaya, masana falsafa da lauyoyin sun bayyana game da "'yancin tawaye" kuma da yawa a baya, daruruwan shekaru kafin kasarmu ta tsohuwar kasarmu da na tsohuwar kasar Girka. A cikin lokacin da ya gabata, kimiyyar doka ta wadatar da ayyukan masu tunani kamar yadda ke karbar azzalumai, da kuma yin magana kan halayyar irin wannan damar.
Menene halayyar, gane thean "tawayen" da shugaban farko na Soviet Russia Vladimir Lenin. A cikin aikinsa na gargajiya, "ya" ya rubuta cewa karfafa rama, da karfafa ofishin tashin hankali "ya tilasta juyin juya halin halartar kasar."
Shin za su gane da tsarin doka daban-daban da jihohi "'yancin tashin hankali" da yadda aka gyara - dangane da lokacin kyauta zaku iya karanta shi a cikin 5, 50 ko 500 kalmomi.
A cikin kalmomi 5
Gabaɗaya, Ee, a Rasha - A'a.A cikin kalmomi 50
"'Yan tawaye" Gane Jamus, Czech Republic, Faransa, har ma da Ingia. Tuni a cikin 1793, Faransa "ta 'yan Adam da Citizenan Citizenan' yan ƙasa" sun ba da sanarwar tsoffin "haƙƙin haƙƙi mai kyau, masu alhakin alhakin mutane." Yawancin mahalarta taron a kan kundin tsarin mulkin 1993 aka ba da damar karfafa irin wannan dama da kuma a ciki, a sakamakon ba a tallafawa ra'ayin ba.
A cikin kalmomi 500
An kirkiro manufar "'yancin fadowa" masu tunani sun ci gaba na dogon lokaci. Wataƙila farkon wanda ya zama na farko a cikin ƙarni na XII-XI zuwa ga sarakunan farko na kasar Sin daga cikin daular Zhou. Domin tabbatar da kamewar iko daga daular da ta gabata, sun kirkiro gaba daya, wanda aka sani da "umurnin sama." Tsakanin rubutun ya karanta: sararin samaniya ya albarkaci tsari na dabi'a da kuma nufin mai adalci, wanda yake cikin wannan ma'anar "ɗan sama". Duk da haka, Tarkon Sama zai zama mai farin ciki da amsa wa'adinsu, ya canza shi da ya cancanci shugaba.
"'Yancin tashin hankali" yana cikin al'adun musulinci. Ministan Musulunci Saudi Arabiya a 1998-2014, Sheikh Salih Ali Shikh ya yi masa biyayya, wanda ya ce ya gaya maka bawan. " A cikin ra'ayinsa, "Biyayya da biyayya ga mai mulki bai zama kawai ba cewa ba ya numfashi Allah." Idan saboda wasu dalilai mai mulkin umarni zunubi, ba za a iya yin biyayya da shi ba.
A Turai, farkon akida na "hakkoki ga fadada" Tiranoboci "na Garmay da Aristiyawa a tsohuwar Girka. A kusan 514, a gaban zamaninmu, suna da ƙoƙari a Takaransawa hipephius da hippark kuma sun mutu kansu. Citizensan ƙasa masu godiya sun girmama Tiranoyts a matsayin jarumawa na kasa da kuma gina wani abin tunawa, wanda aka dauke da ranar farko ta siyasa a nahiyar.
A cikin 1215, Ingilishi Barons ya tilasta wa Sarkin John Abubuwa "babban tsari na belivitions". Ofaya daga cikin labaran takaddar ya faɗi cewa idan sarki "a cikin wani abu zai shawo kan ko kowane irin labulen," Kula da duk duniya, "tare da tilastawa da cunkoson da Duk hanyoyi kamar yadda kawai Mayu, wato castlest, ƙasa, mallaka da duk sauran hanyoyi. " Duk da cewa a zahiri cewa wannan labarin bai zama ba, yarjejeniyar da kanta ta amince da kullun ta hanyar wakilin Burtaniya a matsayin inganci.
Baya ga sanarwar sanarwar da Faransanci na 1793, "'yancin kai tsaye" da aka bayyana a cikin sanarwar' yancin kai na Amurka: "Lokacin da dogon lullube da kuma tashin hankali ya ba da shaida ga mutanen da basu da rauni ba, ya ragu na irin wannan gwamnati da kirkirar sabbin tsaro game da makomar ta zama da dama kuma wajibi. " A zahiri, ba duk lauyoyi sun yarda cewa irin wannan bayanin ya ba da tabbacin dukkanin tubarnuwance na gaba ba. Wasun su yi imani da cewa furucin yana da mataki na lokaci guda.
A cikin al'adun zamani na zamani, an yi rikodin "'yancin tashin hankali kai tsaye, misali, a cikin babban dokar Jamus. Mataki na ashirin da 20 ya ce "Duk Jamusawa suna da 'yancin yin tsayayya da duk wanda zai yi kokarin soke umarnin kundin tsarin mulki idan babu wasu magunguna." Haka ake nufi da halin da ake ciki shine a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin Girka: "Amincewa da Kundin Tsarin Multiotic Czech Republic: "Citizensan ƙasa suna da 'yancin yin tsayayya da duk wanda ke bi da umarnin dimokiradiyya.' Yancin ɗan Adam da na asali."
A cikin kundin tsarin mulkin Rasha "'yancin kaiwar" a hukumance ba ta daukaka. Al'umman kimiyya ba tukuna sun cimma matsaya a cikin halin "na halitta" (muhimmin abu a cikin yanayinta) ko "mai kyau" (suna buƙatar tallafi na musamman). Ba a fili ba tukuna ko wannan shine mutumin da ya dace (kamar yadda 'yancin zagi (a tsakani (mutane kawai za su iya tawaye, kuma ba mutum ɗaya ba). Masifa mai mahimmanci wani bambanci ne na rashin daidaituwa tsakanin 'yan ta'adda da mayakan' yan 'yanci. Ba ta sami izinin mai gamsarwa ba.
# 550500.
Tushe