Muna buga kayan aikin Mataimakin ministan Alexander Novaka da VTIME ci gaba kan asarar kudaden da aka dogara da su a duniya zuwa tattalin arzikin carbon. Marubutan sun kammala cewa kasafin kudin Rasha a cikin shekaru 20 na iya rasa rabin kudaden mai da gas na Gazprom da Rosneft, tare da irin wannan canji, na iya zama mai sauyawa.
Bayani ta Mataimakin Firayim Ministan Alexander Novak
Kasancewar babbar ragi na mai da gas, ƙungiyar Russia tare da babban wuraren amfani da wutar lantarki shine fa'idar mu. Manufarmu ita ce sake daidaita tattalin arzikin ta yadda ta zama mafi rarrabewa - kuma wannan yana ɗayan manyan ayyuka. A lokaci guda, muna yin abubuwa ne da cikakken bayani game da bincike da hasashen hasashen hasashe dangane da juyin halitta na tsarin da ke zuwa.
Buƙatar hydrocarbons, duk da tafiyar matakai na tattalin arziƙi a cikin tattalin arziƙi iri ɗaya, amma rabo na hydrocarbons zai ci gaba da kasancewa a ma'aunin makamashi a ma'aunin makamashi zai faɗi. Manufofin za su canza abin da waɗannan albarkatun makamashi aka sayo, - zai ƙara darajar hydrocarbons a cikin mai da aka ba da sunan Gas. A wannan yanayin, yawan ƙarfin makamashi gaba ɗaya a duniya za su yi girma. A cewar hasashen, kusan 2035-2040 za a cinye shi da ƙarin ƙarfin 30%. Yana da daraja tuna cewa mai da gas babban tsari ne ga kimiyyar kimiyya, masana'antu, sauran 'yan wasan hakkin tattalin arziki. A yau, mayar da hankali game da hankalin duniya yana mai da hankali ne ga ci gaban masana'antun masana'antu masu fasaha da kuma sabbin fasahar ilimi. Wato, bangarorin gargajiya suna tasowa tare da canji na canji.
A wannan yanayin, bukatar gas zai ci gaba da dorewa tsakanin mai samar da kayayyaki a tazara har zuwa 2040-2050, Rasha tana daga cikin shugabannin Gas, muna da wani ajali na tallace-tallace a ci gaban tallace-tallace na bututu da lng.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa Rasha tana da ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin makamashi mafi girma a duniya: Fiye da rabin yawan albarkatun makamashi na farko a ƙasarmu mai iskar gas.
A wannan batun, iyakance batun bayar da lasisi don ci gaban adibas da alama shine madaidaiciyar hanya. Mun riga mun yi aiki sosai kan karuwa a cikin ƙarfin makamashi na amfani da hanyoyin samar da makamashi na gargajiya, rage "hanyar muhalli". Dole ne a tuna da cewa hanyoyin makamashi na burbushin zai iya zama abokantaka da yanayin muhalli, la'akari da ci gaba da cigaban zamani don kamawa da kuma kamawa da isar da cuta, da kuma saboda matakan diyya. An riga an aiwatar da ayyukan farko - ana ganinku cewa yankin Sakhan a matsayin yankin Pilot don ƙirƙirar tsarin ciniki don ayyukan ciniki na Carbon a cikin kasuwannin waje da na gida. Don haka, dandamalin Safiya na iya zama tushe don gwaji don ba kawai tsarin binciken carbon ba don rage tasirin tattalin arziki akan aikace-aikacen su.
Babban yuwuwar rage karancin kai shine diyya don aikawa saboda sake dawowa da sauran ayyukan daji. Bugu da kari, mun ga yiwuwar rage yawan ɓarke ta hanyar kawar da CO2 da sauran gas na grease. A cikin kamfanoni na Rasha TEC, yana yiwuwa a gabatar da matakan kamawa, rike da kuma zubar da carbon (ccus). Wata hanyar aiwatar da matakan rage gas na greenhouse ita ce zubar da gas mai hade da man fetur (png). A wasu halaye, alal misali, a adibas na mallakori na Ojsc, hanyar samar da gas ta fi tsada girma girma fiye da famfo. Mafi mahimmancin gogewa a cikin amfani da gazlift an tara shi da Gazppromraft a cikin ci gaban man mai-mai-mai da gasima (ongkmm).
Bugu da kari, don adana matsayin gasa na Rasha a watan Oktoba ranar 12 ga Oktoba, da 2020, gwamnatin ta amince da ci gaban makamashin Rasha har zuwa shekarar 2024, ta hada da karuwa da hydrogen A matsayin mai ɗaukar makamashi mai aminci, da kuma shigar da shugabannin duniya na shugabannin duniya a cikin samarwa da fitarwa.
Zan lura cewa zai zama mai kuskure don magana game da dogaro da dalilin kasafin kudin daga mai da gas. Ba mu ƙara dogara da tattalin arzikin Rasha daga mai da gas ba. Figures na ainihi suna magana ne game da wannan - kudin shiga na kasafin kudin Rasha, wanda ba shi da kudin shiga da ke ƙaruwa. A wannan ma'anar, 2020 ya zama alama mai nuna alama, wanda aka gwada don ƙarfin masana'antar mai da gas mai ɗimbin kuɗi don farashi mai ɗorewa da kuma tattalin arzikin Rasha a duk faɗin. Bari in tunatar da kai cewa a cikin 2020, mai da kuma kudaden shiga na gubocin ya ragu da rubugwannin tiriliyan 1.2235, yayin da ba za su iya samun kudaden shiga da tiriliyan 1.224 ba. Har zuwa 13,487 tiriliyan.