Wani muhimmin mataki a cikin fasahar girma amfanin gona amfanin gona amfanin gona ne da zai iya dawo da ciyayi bayan shafawa. Da peculiarity na wannan lokacin shine cewa tare da farkon sabuntawar lokacin girma, ci gaban albarkatun gona na hunturu yana faruwa a cikin halaye mai sanyi, wanda ke haifar da buƙatar isa ga al'adu tare da manyan abubuwan abinci, duka macro da microelements.
Rike da raunukan hatsi na hatsi akan undercurrent kuma ya sa albarkatu ya sa ya yiwu a ƙara haɓaka mawadaki mai mahimmanci. Don karuwa a cikin ciyayi taro na fyade rapese, wanda aka kafa a farkon makonni bayan resumen of ciyayi, ya zama dole a samar da al'adu tare da adadin compop ɗin.
Amma ga phosphoric da potash takin mai magani, galibi ana kawo su kafin shuka, a fall. Koyaya, a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata, gabatarwar su, idan aka kwatanta da nitrogen, sun ragu sosai. Hakanan ya kamata a lura cewa matsalar phosphate da ganyayyaki abinci na tsire-tsire shine cewa babban sassan waɗannan abubuwan suna da matukar muhimmanci, amma rabon kayan da ba koyaushe ya gamsar da bukatun tsirrai ba.
Bayar da tsire-tsire ta hanyar motsa phosphorus da potassium mahadi za a iya inganta ta hanyar amfani da kayan amfanin gona da kayan marmari da potassymobilizing amfanin gona na phosphorus a cikin fasaha na girma amfanin gona amfanin gona. Don haka, ga marined ciyar da hunturu recseed da amfanin gona hatsi, ana bada shawara a yi amfani da ƙwararrun masani-BRUredfix-BRUrandfix.
Grandfix - Shiri na halitta da kamfanin Kamfanin BTUT, wanda ya hada da Bachillus Subtiis Baceria hadadden, bacillus megateum var. Phosphaticum, Azotobacter chroococum, shigar da SP., Parenibillacones polymyxa tare da jimlar da yawa mai kyau (0.5 - 1.5) × 109 - 1.5).
Ayyukan grappix an yi niyya wajen inganta isa da motsi a cikin ƙasa na phosphorus da musayar potassium, da karuwa a cikin nau'ikan nitrogen a cikin ƙasa; kara amfani da factor na abubuwan gina jiki daga takin mai magani 1.2-1.5 sau; Inganta shigo da kudin shiga silicon; Inganta ayyukan ilimin halittu na kasar gona, inganta kasar gona, kuma akwai ingantacciyar biye-har zuwa al'adun masu zuwa.
Yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da shirye-shiryen kwayoyin halitta a cikin hanyoyi masu zuwa: A ƙarƙashin manyan da kuma pre-shuka magani na ƙasa, da kuma a jere lokacin da yake, da kuma a cikin RANGU.
A karɓawar cas tare da kwayoyin cuta grin
A cikin yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje, an gudanar da binciken ne kan yiwuwar gabatarwar grin da grin da aka grain da kuma hutun nitrogen a kan mafi kyawun ƙwayoyin cuta na 2 da 4 hours. Kulawa da aikin bakararre mai ban sha'awa (Table 1).
Tebur 1. tasirin carbamide-ammoniya cakuda (cas) akan mafi yawan ƙananan ƙwayoyin bioprepation na grape
A cikin dukkan provodents, digiri na bioprepation ener tare da ƙari na CAS ba a rage idan aka kwatanta da iko. Sakamakon yana nuna cewa goron zai yiwu a yi amfani tare da carbamide-ammoniya cakuda (cas).
A shekarar 2017-2020. Kirkiro na aikin haɗin gwiwa na Grandfix biopparation tare da cas a cikin hunturu rpeeseed fyade tare da al'ada ta 5 l / ha da hunturu amfanin gona tare da al'ada - 3 L / ha. An aiwatar da bincike a cikin magabata daban-daban, nau'in ƙasa da ph (Table 2).
Tebur. 2. Yanayi don gudanar da bincike tare da biprepation na Gradfix
Kodayake yanayin yanayi a cikin shekarun binciken sun bambanta, amma babban dokokin aikin aikin grained Gradfix na ƙasa da alamomin gargajiya na ƙasa da kuma yawan amfanin gona sun kiyaye.
A kan amfanin gona na fyade na hunturu, tare da farkon bazara na grappix 5 L / Ha CAS, aka samo karuwa daga 3.31 zuwa 5.0 C / ha (Fig. 1). Actionara a cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa ya kasance saboda karuwa a cikin yawan tsaba a cikin kwasfa da kuma taro na 1000.
A lokacin da a kan hunturu al'adun da aka shirya shirye-shiryen halitta na farko 3 L / Hectare da aka samu a cikin tattalin arziƙi daga 1.9 zuwa 5.3 c / ha, Zimo - 2.2 c / ha.
Fig. 1. yawan amfanin ƙasa na fyade na hunturu da kuma hatsi amfanin gona
Sakamakon binciken ƙasa na agrochemical
Don saka idanu da karuwa a cikin adadin nau'ikan kayan masarufin phosphorus da potassium bayan amfani da tsarin halittar Gradfix, zaɓar ƙasa don bincike na agrobolemical da na ƙwayoyin cuta. Kamar yadda sakamakon nazarin na agrochemmical na kasar gona ya nuna, a kan abubuwan hannu tare da gabatarwar motsi a kan hunturu rpeeseed da kuma alkama a lokacin da nau'ikan ƙasa na samfur (Table 3). Girma na kayan masarufi na menu na motsi, gwargwadon nau'in kasar gona da kuma tsarin ci gaban al'adu, na daga 8.8 zuwa 41.4%. Digiri na motsi na phosphorus ya karu akan kowane nau'in ƙasa. Yawan rolling potassium ya karu da 6.3 - 20%. Digiri na motsi na musayar potassium shima ya kara kusan dukkan nau'ikan ƙasa.Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin wasu karatun da aka rage a yawan kayan wayar hannu da potassium wanda ke da yawa da yawa tare da manyan samfuran.
Tebur. 3. Sakamakon binciken Agrochememical na ƙasa
Tasiri akan ayyukan halittar ƙasa
Don sanin tasirin grappix a kan ayyukan halittar ƙasa, namomin kaza an ware daga samfuran ƙasa da ke tabbatar da nau'in halittu masu tsabta (Table 4).
Tebur. 4. Sakamakon nazarin micandology na kasar gona
Dangane da sakamakon nazarin Mycology na kasar gona, akwai karuwa da yawan ainihin asalin saprotrophic a cikin yankuna da grappix. Wato, microorganisms, wanda ɓangare na kayan tarihin grappix na halitta, suna da himma tare da nau'ikan nau'ikan mazaunin ƙasa, wanda ke da sakamako mai kyau a kan girma da haɓaka al'adu. Yawan nau'in saprotrophic na ƙananan murabba'ai tare da gabatarwar Gradfix bioprepation na 4.1-41.0%.
Bangaren tattalin arziki na phosmormormet
Kudaden da ake yin grained a cikin karatun samarwa daidai ne 13.53 da $ 22.54 / ha. A lokacin da lissafin ribar da aka samu a takaita, 08.08.202020. Don 1 tanade 1 na hunturu rapat - 201.99 $. Don haka, an sami damar da aka samu daga cikin amfani da shirye-shiryen bi na gradfix na gradfix game da faɗakarwa daga 117.12 zuwa 190.27 / Hectare, kan alkama hunturu daga 23.05 zuwa 89.92 $ / ha.Saboda haka, gabatarwar hunturu sun yi ruwan marmari da kuma hunturu hatsi na hatsi suna shirya da samar da takin zamani da kuma kayan al'adu.
O.v. Soldorgun, Cand. S.-X Kimiyya, BTU-Cibiyar
D.V. Litvinov, d.-X-x da kimiyyar haihuwa, Nakip
Wakilan Kamfanin BTU na Kamfanin BTU:
A Rasha: Layin Kamfanin Kamfanin Kamfaninhttps://oranika -line.ru.
A cikin Kazakhstan: Kamfanin Kamfanin Albihttp://albio.kz.