A yau, yahudawa suna da matsayinsu, wani daga cikin wannan al'umma suna zaune a yankin kasashe. Amma da zarar sun kasance "baƙi" a cikin Turai, tare da imaninsu, hadisai da ayyukan ibada. Sauran koyaushe ba zai iya fahimta ba, wanda ke nufin wani. Saboda haka bayyana masu bayyana game da anti-Semitism, sun samo asali daga tsararraki. Amma babban tambaya ya kasance: kamar yadda mutanen da suke da asalinsu (Gabas ta Tsakiya), ya yi yawaita a Turai, kuma a wasu biranen daular Rasha a ƙarni na 19 kuma a duk sun kai sama da kashi 30 cikin dari?
Prehistory
A bayan 2nd da 1 Millennium, Yahudawa kabilu ya fara tashi daga kabilan semitic. Mutane na farko ne, daga wane kadari ne aka kafa - bangaskiya a cikin Allah ɗaya. Sakamakon haka, mutane sun sami sunaye biyu: Yahudawa (a matsayin uhu) da yahudawa). Ba da daɗewa ba suka halicci Mulkinsu, manyan sarakunan da Sulaiman suka kasance da Sulaiman. Daga cikin jihar Ibrananci ba shi da sauƙi: "Akwai rikice-rikice da yawa tare da maƙwabta. Da farko, Assuriyawa suka kai wa Mulkin yahudawa, daga nan ya lalata tsohuwar Babylen. Tuni a ƙarshen Millennium na farko, Yahudiya ta zama lardin Rome. Mun kuma bar barin ƙasashensu kuma mun ci gaba da tafiya mai nisa. Kashi ya tafi gabas, zuwa Indiya da kuma ci gaba zuwa Kudu-Yammacin Asiya, wani bangare na Arewacin Afirka, sannan ta hanyar Gibrtar zuwa Ereas ko Ethiopia, Sashi na Kudu.
Tarihi Sefarv
A karni na 7-8, Yahudawa na Arewacin Afirka ya faɗi ƙarƙashin ikon Kalifun Larabawa. Sun sami wasu 'yanci da' yancin yin zamansu a yankin Turai, a ƙasashen Spanish na zamani. Spain a cikin harshen Yahudawa ana kiranta "Sfaraad", bi da bi, bi da bi, wannan rukunin Yahudawa sun fara kiran semfen. Sun yi magana a cikin ladino Harshen, wanda ya inganta bisa kan asalin harshen Spanish. Evrei-Sefalds ya shiga cikin kasuwanci, ya kirkiro al'ummomin, gudanar da su bautar da su. A yayin sake, Mutanen Spain sun sami damar fitar da larabawa da kirkirar mulkin Spain. Bayan 1492, Yahudawa sun sami wani umarni: ko Kiristanci ya ɗauka, ko barin Spain.
Pogroves ya fara, mai binciken ya kuma lalata al'ummomin Yahudawa. Wani ɓangare na Sefiarv ya mutu, kuma ɓangaren ya kasance mafaka a cikin Daular Ottoman. An ba su izinin zama a cikin Balkans, garin Girka na Tasaloniki ya zama cibiyar Sefarv. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II, jama'ar yahudawa na cikin gida sun zama wadanda yahudawa ya zama wadanda sukahudawa suka samu wadanda suka mutu. A yau akwai yeam miliyan daya da miliyan 1.5 a duniya. Kimanin rabin rayuwa a cikin Isra'ila, mafi girma na fipora - a Faransa (kimanin dubu 300).
Tarihi ashkenazi
A farkon babban jawabi mutane, wasu daga cikin Yahudawa daga Palestine sun koma iyakokin daular Rome. Dole ne su raba duniya da kabilan Jamusawa. Wani sashi na Yahudawa ya zama mai mulki Elite a Khazar Kaganate, wanda aka located in Don kuma Volga tasa. A 10th karni, da sarakunan Rasha, Svyatoslav da Vladimir Mai girma halakar da Khazar iko. Yawancin Yahudawa sun tafi Yamma, sagewa a Jamus. A ƙarshen tsakiyar shekaru, wani reshe daban na Yahudawa, wanda ya yi wa yin magana da Yodesh. An kirkiro wannan yaren a ƙarƙashin rinjayar Jamusanci. Wannan rukunin Yahudawa ana kiranta "Ashkenazy", tunda a cikin zamanin Tsakanin Jamus da ake kira "Ashkenaz". A cikin ƙarni na 13-14 a Jamus, da tsananta wa Yahudawa. Yawancin al'ummomin Yahudawa suka fara bincika mafaka daga Poland. Kashi na farko na farko na Yahudawa sun sa sarki Casimir babba. Yahudawa sun kasance 'yan kasuwa, masu riƙe da masaniya, kuma suma suna manajoji a kan estates na Gentry. A karni na 160% Yahudawa na Turai sun zauna a Poland. Babban majami'u sun kasance a cikin Krakow, Lviv, Grodno, Warsaw da sauran biranen. Vilnius kuma da ake kira Lithuaniya Urushalima da duka. A yau a cikin Zholkva (Ukraine), majami'ar tsaron ta gabata an adana su ta arba'in, wanda al'ummomin yahudawa basu rayu cikin aminci ba. Ko da a cikin Parish tsari. A ƙarshen karni na 18, yawancin ƙasashen Yaren mutanen Poland sun shiga daular Rasha. A duk faɗin ƙasar, an gudanar da "lalacewar" smalal "" layin da Yahudawa ba za su iya motsawa ba. Yunƙurin da aka yi ta hanyar Ra'ayin Yahudawa. Sun sami sunayensu na Rasha, galibi suna girmama mazaunan: brodsky, slutsky, da sauransu. Ofaya daga cikin manyan biranen Yahudawa shine Odessa.
A ƙarshen karni na 19, rayuwa a cikin daular Rasha ta ci gaba, pogroman na Yahudawa, anti-Indian da ma dokoki ("Baleis"). Yahudawa suna da hanyoyi uku daban-daban: gwagwarmaya, gwagwarmaya da ƙoƙarin zama. Kamar yadda masanin tattalin arziki da Semyon mutanen Yahudawa, da farko gabatar da matattarar matatun mai, da Amurka ko Palstepreneurs ne Kuma babban albashi ya ba su damar rayuwa cikin kwanciyar hankali. Bayan 1917, Bourgeoisies na asalin Yahudanci na Rasha, suna tsoron Bolsheviks. Abu mafi ban sha'awa shine asalin bangarori daular Rasha sune mutanen yahudawa ko Bolsheviks yana nuna cewa sun ƙi "Rushewar Rashanci".
Tambayar Yahudawa a cikin siyasa ta Yahudanci
A farkon karni na 20, tambayar tahudawa ta zama mahimmanci ga jama'ar duniya. A karshen karni na 19, Theodore Herzl shine farkon wanda ke tsara ka'idodin sahiyar Kirista - kishin yahudawa. Manufarsa ita ce ƙirƙirar Isra'ila. Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II, a cikin 1948, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da wanzuwar Isra'ila, taro maidowa na Yahudawa ya fara tarihin garin tarihi. A lokaci guda, yaƙin Arab-Isra'ila ya fara ne domin 'yancin mallakar Palestine. Yahudawa Turai ta sami azabtarwar Holocaust. Waɗannan duka su ne Ashkard da Serfard. Hitler bai kula da shi ba, ko da na ashkenazy yayi magana da Yedddish, wasu kalmomi daga waɗanda sun kasance suni a kan Jamusawa. A yau ba za mu ga na musamman ba, yahudawa a Turai, wanda ya inganta a birane da yawa na tsakiyar Turai da gabashin Turai. Ba zan ji wannanidsha ba, yawancin Yahudawa sun yi magana da Ibrananci.